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| Valerian Wall Core, southeast end, north side of Gate, showing angle of corners, from northeast ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Valerian Wall Core, southeast end, north side of Gate, showing angle of |
| North end of Valerian Wall before removal of fill around Pit G (indicated by arrow) ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... North end of Valerian Wall before removal of fill around Pit G (indicated by |
| South Strip, from about the line of the Valerian Wall. Well C windlass in background ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... South Strip, from about the line of the Valerian Wall. Well C windlass in |
| From southeast. Central Tower of Valerian Wall and blocks in trench to north of it ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... From southeast. Central Tower of Valerian Wall and blocks in trench to north of |
| Central Tower of Valerian Wall. From west. Piers 10 and 11 of Stoa colonnade marked ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Central Tower of Valerian Wall. From west. Piers 10 and 11 of Stoa |
| Detail of southwest corner of MIddle Tower of Valerian Wall showing Odeion block with plaster ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Detail of southwest corner of MIddle Tower of Valerian Wall showing Odeion |
| Valerian Wall, return at south end. Lowest blocks. From east through door of Room 1 ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Valerian Wall, return at south end. Lowest blocks. From east through door of |
| Detail of Valerian Wall in front of room 3 showing poros drums and marble packing ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Detail of Valerian Wall in front of room 3 showing poros drums and marble |
| Library. Pantainos' inscription (after removal from original position), resting on east face of Valerian Wall ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... east face of Valerian Wall. |
| Doric capital re-used as paving in the Panathenaic Way ... Horizontal (normal) ... 1964 ... Special Collections | Homer Thompson | East Side | "Valerian" Wall | Thorikos Series |
| Doric capital re-used as paving in the Panathenaic Way, detail ... Horizontal (normal) ... 1964 ... Special Collections | Homer Thompson | East Side | "Valerian" Wall | Thorikos Series |
| Lower part of palmette only preserved; cover tile broken off just behind. Small chips missing.
Similar in style and size to A 897 (ΘΘ 299). Also same series as A 296 and 2758.
Island marble. Valerian Wall ... 19-20 May 1938 ... Valerian Wall ill. |
| Late Roman fortification Wall above the Library of Pantainos. In middle wall, blocks from Thorikos ... 1961 ... Late Roman fortification Wall above the Library of Pantainos. In middle wall, blocks |
| West face of the Late Roman Fortification Wall in the Library of Pantainos with the drums of a Doric column at the bottom and miscellaneous marble blocks ... 1961 ... West face of the Late Roman Fortification Wall in the Library of Pantainos |
| Doric capital found in the Late Roman Fortification Wall ... MAF-Ekta ... 1959 ... Special Collections | Homer Thompson | East Side | "Valerian" Wall | Thorikos Series ... Site | By Area | Post-Herulian Wall | Objects as Found ... Site | By Area | Post-Herulian Wall |
| Doric capital re-used as paving in the Panathenaic Way ... MAF-Ekta ... Horizontal (normal) ... 1959 ... Special Collections | Homer Thompson | East Side | "Valerian" Wall | Thorikos Series ... Site | By Area | Post-Herulian Wall | Objects as Found ... Site | By Area | Post-Herulian Wall |
Discus and part of rim preserved.
Eros with pipes and thyrsos; altar at right. Plain panelled rim, with dots in panels.
Unglazed.
Buff clay.
Type XXVII of Corinth collection. North angle of Valerian Wall ... 27 May 1939 ... North angle of Valerian Wall and south tower; bone layer. |
| Broken at one end. Bottom much worn, moldings battered. Dowel cuttings either side of unfinished end.
From the Temple of Ares.
Pentelic marble. Found at R/16-16/2 (Fall 2016). In Valerian Wall, now lying ... June 1953 ... On Site-In South part of Post-Herulian Wall |
| Wall A and Valerian Wall. Looking south from conglomerate block, showing southernmost blocks exposed in North Trench ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Wall A and Valerian Wall. Looking south from conglomerate block, showing |
| Brick Building, general view from southwest. Valerian Wall foundations and Stoa front shop wall foundations at right ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Valerian Wall foundations and Stoa front shop wall |
| Valerian Wall and Wall A. East footing south of worn blocks. Late pit at right. From south ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Valerian Wall and Wall A. East footing south of worn blocks. Late pit at |
| West end of South Wall A. From northeast, before removal of small block of Valerian Wall (A) ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Valerian Wall (A) ... West end of South Wall A. From northeast, before |
| Valerian Wall, return at south end of Stoa. Large marble blocks in bottom of wall. From north ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Valerian Wall, return at south end of Stoa. Large ... wall. From north. |
| East side: lower terrace and Metroon street, looking north. At left, Valerian Wall. In background ΗΗ wall ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... north. At left, Valerian Wall. In background ΗΗ wall. |
Fragment of wall and base with raised leaves at handle attachment. Low ring foot.
Inscribed in the wet clay, on bottom.
Unglazed.
Granular buff clay.
Type XXVIII of Corinth collection.
Trial 1 east ... 4 May 1939 ... Fragment of wall and base with raised leaves at handle attachment. Low ring ... Trial 1 east of Valerian Wall, layer 12. Third century A.D. or later. |
| Byzantine Fortification Wall. North face below our retaining wall, from Valerian Wall west to corner. From the east ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Wall. North face below our retaining wall, from Valerian Wall west to corner. From |
| Martyr over Wall Q, from the north. Stones of Byzantine wall visible, left center. Valerian Wall at right ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Byzantine wall visible, left center. Valerian Wall at right ... Martyr over Wall Q, from |
| East face of Valerian Wall and Wall A. From the east, northern blocks of Wall A in foreground ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... East face of Valerian Wall and Wall A. From the east, northern blocks of Wall |
| Small sanctuary in the angle of the Late Roman Fortification Wall, north of the tower in Section ΗΗ (Tower W2). At left, part of the gate in the Late Roman Fortification Wall. Upper right, part of the ... Cf. 81-192 ... May 1958 ... Special Collections | Homer Thompson | East Side | "Valerian" Wall ... Site | By Area | Post-Herulian Wall | Gates | Christ Church Gate ... Site | By Area | Post-Herulian Wall |
| West face of the Late Roman Fortification Wall in the Library of Pantainos with the drums of a Doric column at the bottom and miscellaneous marble blocks ... MAF-Ekta ... Cf. 61-60 the first two drums on the left ... 1959 ... West face of the Late Roman Fortification Wall in the Library of Pantainos |
| The inscribed blocks are a little west of the center of the wall, and as high above the limestone outcrop on which the wall is bedded as the stone-cutter could conviently reach. The total length of the ... 12 July 1937 ... builders: the valerian wall ... center of the wall, and as ... outcrop on which the wall is |
| Library. General view from northeast. West colonnade. Rooms 1, 2, 3, court. Valerian Wall in background ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Valerian Wall in background. |
| Library. General view. Valerian Wall and west colonnade at left. North colonnade in background. From south ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Library. General view. Valerian Wall and west colonnade at left. North colonnade |
| Library. General view. Valerian Wall and west colonnade at left. North colonnade in background. From south ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Library. General view. Valerian Wall and west colonnade at left. North colonnade |
| Library. West colonnade. Bottom and 2nd steps, under east face of Valerian Wall, from west ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Library. West colonnade. Bottom and 2nd steps, under east face of Valerian Wall |
| East base of South Tower of Valerian Wall gate showing position of inscribed base Ι 1596 ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... East base of South Tower of Valerian Wall gate showing position of inscribed |
| Concrete Buttress, from the southwest, showing end cut by line of Valerian Wall, and tile drain ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... cut by line of Valerian Wall, and tile drain. |
| West of Valerian Wall. North Trench. General view from northwest. Workmen in rectangular cutting in rock ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... West of Valerian Wall. North Trench. General view from northwest. Workmen in |
| Valerian Wall north of gate showing rubble repairs, man removing modern earth to bare east face ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Valerian Wall north of gate showing rubble repairs, man removing modern earth |
| Valerian Wall Core, as well preserved east of stylobate of East Building, as found. From north ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Valerian Wall Core, as well preserved east of stylobate of East Building, as |
| Column I in filling of Valerian Wall in East Building from north. Epistyles II and III ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Column I in filling of Valerian Wall in East Building from north. Epistyles II and |
| Poros Aqueduct at junction to Valerian Wall Gate, showing stroseis from east (east side of Gate) ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Poros Aqueduct at junction to Valerian Wall Gate, showing stroseis from east |
| From north. Most of ruin between towers. Blocks of Valerian Wall as left by previous excavators ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... From north. Most of ruin between towers. Blocks of Valerian Wall as left by |
| From north. Northern part of ruin only. Blocks of Valerian Wall as left by previous excavators ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... From north. Northern part of ruin only. Blocks of Valerian Wall as left by |
| General view from south showing trench of Valerian Wall with blocks as left by previous excavators ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... General view from south showing trench of Valerian Wall with blocks as left by |
| From south. Northern part of ruin only. Blocks of Valerian Wall as left by previous excavators ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... From south. Northern part of ruin only. Blocks of Valerian Wall as left by |
| General views showing remains of Valerian Wall in situ between Middle and North Towers. From north ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... General views showing remains of Valerian Wall in situ between Middle and |
| General views showing remains of Valerian Wall in situ between Middle and North Towers. From south ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... General views showing remains of Valerian Wall in situ between Middle and |
| Modern drain, from north. Note stele bedding in line of north side of Valerian Wall Tower ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Valerian Wall Tower. |
| General view of Apollodoros Street, from the east. Men are working in line of Valerian Wall ... AMS 863 Horizontal (normal) ... 24 Feb 1938 ... Valerian Wall. |
| General view of Apollodoros Street, from the east. Men are working in line of Valerian Wall ... Scanned 2005 for the 75th anniversary exhibition and publication. 863 Horizontal (normal) ... 24 Feb 1938 ... Valerian Wall. |
| Inscribed epistyle block ... Craig Mauzy ... The block can be found on the east face of the Valerian wall. The image taken looking west. The dome of the Church of the Holy Apostles just visible on the left top of the image. Cf. 2009.01.0417. west ... 18 Feb 2009 ... The block can be found on the east face of the Valerian wall. The image taken |
| Shield decoration from statue base from the Odeion.
Fragment from bottom retaining part of rim of one shield.
Apparently from the same series as S 1212 (ΟΔ 209). Marble dump. (Note traces of mortar, presumably ... 13 June 1949 ... from reuse in Valerian Wall.) |
A fragment of the base.
Within a low foot-ring, at the center, a circle and dot and the incised signature.
Unglazed.
Buff clay.
Type XXVII of Corinth collection.
Cleaning surface of ancient street west ... 27 May 1939 ... Cleaning surface of ancient street west of Valerian Wall. |
Coffer molding fragment. Vault and vertical face broken away. Adjacent rib cut down below top of coffer. No paint.
From the Temple of Ares.
Pentelic marble. Exact provenience unknown, but probably from ... 1953 ... Exact provenience unknown, but probably from the Valerian Wall; cf. A 1379 (Ι |
| Top of vault, including center and part of border on one side. No trace of molding
Paint well preserved.
From the Temple of Ares.
Pentelic marble. Exact provenience unknown, but probably from the Valerian ... 1953 ... Exact provenience unknown, but probably from the Valerian Wall; cf. A 1379 (Ι |
Fragment of coffer vault at corner, with molding. Broken on bias. Adjacent rib cut down below top of coffer. Paint.
From the Temple of Ares.
Pentelic marble. Exact provenience unknown, but probably from ... 1953 ... Exact provenience unknown, but probably from the Valerian Wall; cf. A 1379 (Ι |
Rim fragment of bowl with vertical side and out-turned lip concave above. Two ridges on top of wall. Relief ornament: two figures between trees.
Buff clay; orange-red glaze on outside, brown-red on inside ... 19 June 1933 ... ridges on top of wall. Relief ... South Tower of Valerian Wall on bedrock. |
| Well P. Blocks of Valerian Wall covering the well, just inside the Turkish fortification wall. From the east ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Well P. Blocks of Valerian Wall covering the well, ... fortification wall. From the east. |
| Well P. Blocks of Valerian Wall covering the well, just inside the Turkish fortification wall. From the south ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Well P. Blocks of Valerian Wall covering the well, ... fortification wall. From the south. |
| Valerian Wall, Wall Core. South portion back of East Building stylobate cleaned to to second level from north ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Valerian Wall, Wall Core. South portion back of East Building stylobate |
| Valerian Wall. East face at 14/ΙΘ. Looking north across pit showing line of east face of wall ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Valerian Wall. East face at 14/ΙΘ. Looking north ... east face of wall. |
| Valerian Wall in South Strip, from the north. Along line of Wall A, concrete structure partly cut away ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Valerian Wall in South Strip, from the north. Along line of Wall A, concrete |
| Retaining wall east of Stoa, showing trestle for moving blocks of Middle Tower of Valerian Wall. From northwest ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... of Valerian Wall. From ... Retaining wall east of Stoa, showing trestle for |
| East face of Valerian Wall and Wall A. From the northeast. Southern blocks, and concrete structure over Wall A ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... East face of Valerian Wall and Wall A. From the ... concrete structure over Wall A. |
| Trial 1 east of Valerian Wall. After removal of late wall and clearance of footing of North Wall V ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Trial 1 east of Valerian Wall. After removal of late wall and clearance of |
| Herulian debris. The filling of the Valerian Wall. Late Roman walls and fills. Medieval and modern walls and fills ... Agora 1 3 ... Julio-Claudian ... The filling of the Valerian Wall ... Late Roman walls and fills ... Medieval and modern walls and fills |
| Klepsydra, west passage. General view from west of Valerian Wall passing Klepsydra. Note just at left of pole the modern steps on top of Valerian Wall which lead to chapel. Opening of the passage indicated ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Valerian Wall passing Klepsydra ... Valerian Wall which lead to |
| Detail of southwest corner of Paved Building, before removal of block of Valerian Wall. From the west ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Valerian Wall. From the west. |
| Valerian Wall at Klepsydra. From north. Later 2 and part of Layer 1 gone. Modern steps behind ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Valerian Wall at Klepsydra. From north. Later 2 and part of Layer 1 gone. Modern |
| Valerian Wall at Klepsydra. From north. Later 2 and part of Layer 1 gone. Modern steps behind ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Valerian Wall at Klepsydra. From north. Later 2 and part of Layer 1 gone. Modern |
| Valerian Wall at Klepsydra. From north. Later 2 and part of Layer 1 gone. Modern steps behind ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Valerian Wall at Klepsydra. From north. Later 2 and part of Layer 1 gone. Modern |
| Valerian Wall cleaned to date, with east face bared. South end, crosswall in Byzantine repair from south ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Valerian Wall cleaned to date, with east face bared. South end, crosswall in |
| Valerian Wall. Stretch 4, showing r base (IV), s column, t (a) geison, and t (b) geison ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Valerian Wall. Stretch 4, showing r base (IV), s column, t (a) geison, and t (b) |
| Valerian Wall Core, south end north of Gate, Course I of filling to be removed from east ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Valerian Wall Core, south end north of Gate, Course I of filling to be |
| Modern floor at south=Modern House 1. From east, floor extending over west face of Valerian Wall ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... face of Valerian Wall. |
| Trial Trench 3 versus Valerian Wall. From west showing tower angle and stele bases in ancient street ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Trial Trench 3 versus Valerian Wall. From west showing tower angle and stele bases |
| First Cut South: Valerian Wall, from the east, showing change of earth 0.40 m. below blocks ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... First Cut South: Valerian Wall, from the east, showing change of earth 0.40 m. |
| First Cut South: Valerian Wall, from the west, showing change of earth 0.40 m. below blocks ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... First Cut South: Valerian Wall, from the west, showing change of earth 0.40 m. |
| First Cut South, Extension, from the west. Pit C, "late trench", and fill west of Valerian Wall ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... of Valerian Wall. |
| Trench 1, Brick Building. Room 1, from south. Note rubble foundation at bottom of Valerian Wall cut ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... bottom of Valerian Wall cut. |
| Southwest Building. Old cut appearing east of Valerian Wall. Lower pile of poros blocks appearing from north ... AMS 121 Horizontal (normal) ... 22 Feb 1936 ... Southwest Building. Old cut appearing east of Valerian Wall. Lower pile of |
| Southwest Building. Old cut appearing east of Valerian Wall. Lower pile of poros blocks appearing from north ... Scanned 2005 for the 75th anniversary exhibition and publication. 121 Horizontal (normal) ... 22 Feb 1936 ... Southwest Building. Old cut appearing east of Valerian Wall. Lower pile of |
Part of wall and floor preserved. High, very slightly flaring wall with plain lip; flat floor with tiny foot ring.
Fine reddish-orange clay with white grit. Thin red glaze.
Late Roman A. Martyr south ... 20-22 May 1939 ... Martyr south of Trench 1, east of Valerian Wall, layer 12 ... Part of wall and floor preserved. High, very slightly flaring wall with plain lip; |
Billon Antoninianus.
OB. IMP.C.M.CL.TACITVS AVG.
Bust radiate and cuirassed right.
RE. FELICITAS SAECVLI
Felicitas standing left, by altar left hand sceptre; right patera
Ticinum. Coin no. 2. North Slope; ... Tacitus 275-276 A.D ... North Slope; fill of Valerian Wall on floor of paved building (hoard). |
Billon Antoninianus.
OB. IMP AVRELIANVS AVG.
Bust radiate and cuirassed right.
RE. VIRTVS MILITVM
Emperor standing right, holding globe and sceptre facing soldier holding victory and spear.
Unattributed ... Aurelian, 270-275 A.D ... North Slope; fill of Valerian Wall on floor of paved building (hoard). |
Cover tile broken at back and antefix chipped slightly underneath at left.
Pattern of palmette indicated by very faint incision.
Similar in style and size to A 898 (ΘΘ 300). Also same series as A 296 and ... 19-20 May 1938 ... Valerian Wall fill. |
| Fragment from rim.
On downturned edge, coarse egg pattern. On top, female head, kerchiefed, left.
Glaze black beneath; red to black above. Cut between north stylobate of Square Building and "Valerian ... 29 July 1950 ... Cut between north stylobate of Square Building and "Valerian Wall", layer IV, on |
| Bottom preserved, otherwise broken. Fragment from lower edge of an epistyle (?) or similar beam. Bead and reel below, part of a palmette above, in blue and black.
Pentelic marble.
Belongs with lioness ... 17 February 1938 ... From late fill in Valerian Wall. |
| Part of one handle missing. Flat-bottomed flaring foot, left rough from the wheel; plump body, inturned lip.
Light buff clay. Unglazed. Gully east of Valerian Wall in northern part of section. Fill mixed ... 30 June 1937 ... Gully east of Valerian Wall in northern part of section. Fill mixed to 3rd. c. |
| Valerian Wall, return at south end of Stoa. Large marble blocks in bottom of wall. From north. Overlapping view ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Valerian Wall, return at south end of Stoa. Large ... wall. From north. Overlapping |
| Valerian Wall and Wall K. Detail showing hole where we broke through into the wheat pile. From the south ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Valerian Wall and Wall K. Detail showing hole where we broke through into |
| Klepsydra. West end of South Walls A and B before removal of small block of Valerian Wall. From north ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Valerian Wall. From north ... Klepsydra. West end of South Walls A and B before |
Fragments of upper wall and keel and both handles missing. Shape much like P 12148 (ΙΙ 317), but body still more elongated and keel distinguished from wall below. Unpierced, apparently.
Buff clay, gray ... 11-14 March 1938 ... Kernos pit 1, under west face of Valerian wall. 4th. c. B.C ... Fragments of upper wall and keel and both handles ... distinguished from wall below. |
| Broken at top, bottom and one side.
Fragment preserves full thickness with part of drapery at right side and lower part of chlamys.
Pentelic marble.
From the same double herm as S 1794 (Ι 1278). From undisturbed ... Latest Hellenistic or early Roman ... From undisturbed fill, north tower of Valerian Wall. |
| Fragment of vault with molding broken on mitre at corner. More than half coffer width. Adjoining rib cut down below top of coffer. Paint.
From the Temple of Ares.
Pentelic marble. Exact provenience unknown, ... 1953 ... Exact provenience unknown, but probably from the Valerian Wall; cf. A 1379 (Ι |
| West of Valerian Wall. North Trench. Detail of rectangular cutting from north, partially cleaned. Note fan-like shape ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... West of Valerian Wall. North Trench. Detail of rectangular cutting from north, |
| Graffito birds on re-used block in Valerian Wall, outer face, about 10m north of South Tower ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Graffito birds on re-used block in Valerian Wall, outer face, about 10m north |
| Kernos Pit #1, from the south. Looking north between faces of Valerian Wall. Kernos pit in left foreground ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Kernos Pit #1, from the south. Looking north between faces of Valerian Wall |
| Valerian Wall, north of Klepsydra. From south, showing east face crossing Channel C (C) and Well 17 (17) ... AMS Horizontal (normal) ... Valerian Wall, north of Klepsydra. From south, showing east face crossing Channel C |
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